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Old vs new tax regime

New is default and usually cheaper if you have little 80C. Old wins when deductions are large.

New regime: lower slabs, ₹75,000 standard deduction, 87A up to ₹12L taxable, almost no 80C / HRA / self-occupied home-loan interest.

Old regime: higher slabs, ₹50,000 standard deduction, 80C up to ₹1.5L, HRA, home-loan interest up to ₹2L, 87A only up to ₹5L taxable.

A salaried person at ₹12.75L with no 80C often pays zero in the new regime. The same person with ₹1.5L of 80C and large HRA should compare — use the calculator.